![]() Many fly sheets come impregnated with insect repellent, and you can also spray them. In cooler and drier climates, look for a breathable stretch fabric with neck and belly coverage. The horse might overheat, creating a warm, moist environment that’s an ideal breeding ground for bacteria. While these sheets can help prevent bites, Marsella discourages using them in hot and humid climates. Miller says she’s had limited success with topical sprays and recommends focusing on avoidance measures such as full-body fly sheets. While many product manufacturers advertise long-term coverage, you typically must apply the 1% spray products up to twice daily, says Marsella.įor horses that have developed a sensitivity to chemicals, Marsella recommends neem oil repellents. The product should also contain a substance that binds to the hair, particularly when humidity and sweat come into play. 45% permethrin spot treatment (applied to the poll to repel insects from face and ears).10% concentrated permethrin marketed for equids and livestock, diluted one part concentrate to 10 parts water to make a 1% solution and.0.15% cypermethrin, a synthetic pyrethroid.She explains that while product names might suggest effective solutions, you should read the label to understand the repellent’s composition, bearing in mind pyrethrin, a naturally produced insecticide, is not a true repellent. ![]() ![]() It reduces the insect burden, but a horse that is very allergic needs something strong enough that insects won’t land.” Related Content: Insect Bite Hypersensitivity and Pruritus in Horses “An insecticide is good for the average horse. “There are many fly sprays that are not true repellents-they are just insecticides,” says Marsella, which are designed solely to kill. To deter the insects that instigate hypersensitivity in your horse, look for a quality repellent. “It takes months to reach full efficacy, but it does re-educate the immune system to become tolerant rather than to overreact,” she says. The goal of vaccination is to encourage the immune system to switch to the more protective immune response. She explains that the body can make the allergic type of antibodies called immunoglobulin E (IgE) or the more protective immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies. “We can design a custom-made vaccine that desensitizes with allergen-specific immunotherapy,” says Marsella. Thankfully, owners of Type 1 horses with multiple allergies have options. In the management of these horses, it’s important to identify the different components that add to that itch.” “In people, an example is eczema (an itchy skin inflammation): If you have eczema as a child, you may become sensitized to foods, ragweed, trees, pollen, dust. “To complicate things, the majority of horses that are sensitized to gnats are also atopic, a genetically inherited condition that occurs in various species, including people, where there is a propensity toward building allergies to whatever comes your way,” Marsella says. “When it comes down to horses with insect allergy, the majority of management is avoidance,” she says.įurther, Culicoides hypersensitivity is rarely a stand-alone condition. ![]() For Type 4 sensitivity a vaccine does not work. Marsella says effective treatment options for Type 1 hypersensitivity include antihistamines, as well as a customized vaccine to desensitize the horse to the allergen. These two types of allergies are mediated by different chemicals in the body. “The other (Type 4) is a delayed reaction, with signs of itch in particular body locations 24 to 48 hours after the bite. “One (Type 1) is an immediate reaction, which is why some horses may present with hives,” says Marsella. Horses sensitized to Culicoides saliva can develop two types of hypersensitivity.
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